- the goldsmiths:
- The word tzeraphim may denote smiths, or refiners, or persons that worked in metals of any kind; but it is generally understood of those who worked in gold. From the remotest period of the history of the Jews, they had artists in all the elegant and ornamental trades; and it appears that goldsmiths, apothecaries, and merchants were formed into companies in the time of Nehemiah. "Next¹ unto¹ him² repairedªº Uzzielª the sonª of Harhaiah,ª of the goldsmiths.ªº Next¹ unto¹ him² also repairedªº Hananiahª the sonª of [one of] the apothecaries,ª and they fortifiedªº Jerusalemª unto¹ the broadª wall.ª" {Neh 3:8} + "Afterª him repairedªº Malchiahª the goldsmith'sª sonª unto¹ the placeª of the Nethinims,ª and of the merchants,ªº over against¹ the gateª Miphkad,ª and to¹ the going upª of the corner.ª" {Neh 3:31}
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